Multiplication tables

Topic guide

What this worksheet practises

This worksheet provides essential practice on multiplication tables (times tables) up to 12 × 12. Instant recall of these facts is the foundation for almost every other mathematical topic, from fractions and algebra to percentages and area calculations.

Key method

There is no "formula" for times tables; they rely on memory and practice. However, there are strategies to help if you get stuck.

• Commutativity: Remember that multiplication works in any order. 7 × 8 is exactly the same as 8 × 7. If you forget one, try thinking of the other.
• The 10s Trick: If you forget a 9 times table (like 9 × 7), multiply by 10 first (10 × 7 = 70), and then subtract one group (70 − 7 = 63).
• Doubling: The 4 times table is just the 2 times table doubled. The 8 times table is the 4 times table doubled. (e.g., 6 × 2 = 12, so 6 × 4 = 24, so 6 × 8 = 48).

Worked example

Calculate 7 × 6.

Method 1 (Recall): You might instantly remember that 7 × 6 = 42.

Method 2 (Using a known fact): If you know that 5 × 6 = 30, you can just add two more 6s.

30 + 6 = 36 (this is 6 × 6).

36 + 6 = 42 (this is 7 × 6).

Method 3 (Using a different times table): If you know that 7 × 5 = 35, you can just add one more 7.

35 + 7 = 42.

Common mistakes to avoid

A very common mistake when reciting times tables (e.g. 7, 14, 21...) is losing track of how many fingers you are holding up, resulting in answers that are "one off" (like writing 7 × 8 = 49 instead of 56). This usually happens when rushing. Slow down and be precise.

Things to remember

The 11 times table is easy up to 9 (33, 44, 55...). For 11 × 10, just add a zero (110). For 11 × 11 and 11 × 12, it is often best to memorize them as unique facts (121 and 132), as they appear very frequently in exams.